, but this code // executes before the first paint, when

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is not yet present. The // classes are added to so styling immediately reflects the current // toolbar state. The classes are removed after the toolbar completes // initialization. const classesToAdd = ['toolbar-loading', 'toolbar-anti-flicker']; if (toolbarState) { const { orientation, hasActiveTab, isFixed, activeTray, activeTabId, isOriented, userButtonMinWidth } = toolbarState; classesToAdd.push( orientation ? `toolbar-` + orientation + `` : 'toolbar-horizontal', ); if (hasActiveTab !== false) { classesToAdd.push('toolbar-tray-open'); } if (isFixed) { classesToAdd.push('toolbar-fixed'); } if (isOriented) { classesToAdd.push('toolbar-oriented'); } if (activeTray) { // These styles are added so the active tab/tray styles are present // immediately instead of "flickering" on as the toolbar initializes. In // instances where a tray is lazy loaded, these styles facilitate the // lazy loaded tray appearing gracefully and without reflow. const styleContent = ` .toolbar-loading #` + activeTabId + ` { background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25) 20%, transparent 200%); } .toolbar-loading #` + activeTabId + `-tray { display: block; box-shadow: -1px 0 5px 2px rgb(0 0 0 / 33%); border-right: 1px solid #aaa; background-color: #f5f5f5; z-index: 0; } .toolbar-loading.toolbar-vertical.toolbar-tray-open #` + activeTabId + `-tray { width: 15rem; height: 100vh; } .toolbar-loading.toolbar-horizontal :not(#` + activeTray + `) > .toolbar-lining {opacity: 0}`; const style = document.createElement('style'); style.textContent = styleContent; style.setAttribute('data-toolbar-anti-flicker-loading', true); document.querySelector('head').appendChild(style); if (userButtonMinWidth) { const userButtonStyle = document.createElement('style'); userButtonStyle.textContent = `#toolbar-item-user {min-width: ` + userButtonMinWidth +`px;}` document.querySelector('head').appendChild(userButtonStyle); } } } document.querySelector('html').classList.add(...classesToAdd); })(); HIST 233: Modern Middle East | ÃÛÌÒapp

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HIST 233: Modern Middle East

This course focuses on the history of the Middle East from the early twentieth century to the present.

This course emphasizes the tension between this region’s deep roots as the “cradle of civilization’ and birthplace of the Abrahamic faith traditions and the more recent attempts at state-building initiated by European colonial powers after World War I. Drawing upon primary source materials and recent scholarship, the course will trace developments that include the creation of modern Arab nation-states, Zionism and the creation of the modern state of Israel, Pan-Arab movements, U.S. military interventions and foreign policy, the Arab Spring, and regional interfaith and conflict resolution efforts.
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Credits: 4

Core: Global Regions & Culture

Basic Information

Location

Jordan

Program Type

Summer

Cost

$4400-$4700 (Estimate)

Program Directors

Dr. Darrell Rohl
Associate Professor of History | Director of Archaeology Program
616-526-7538

Traci Rohl
Graduation Advisor
616-526-6119

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